SE156:/MS1

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Sample Set Information

ID TSE1312
Title Metabolic Profiling of Developing Pear Fruits Reveals Dynamic Variation in Primary and Secondary Metabolites, Including Plant Hormones.
Description Metabolites in the fruits of edible plants include sweet sugars, visually appealing pigments, various products with human nutritional value, and biologically active plant hormones. Although quantities of these metabolites vary during fruit development and ripening because of cell division and enlargement, there are few reports describing the actual dynamics of these changes. Therefore, we applied multiple metabolomic techniques to identify the changes in metabolite levels during the development and ripening of pear fruits (Pyrus communis L. ‘La France’). We quantified and classified over 250 metabolites into six groups depending on their specific patterns of variation during development and ripening. Approximately half the total number of metabolites, including histidine and malate, accumulated transiently around the blooming period, during which cells are actively dividing, and then decreased either rapidly or slowly. Furthermore, the amounts of sulfur-containing amino acids also increased in pear fruits around 3–4 months after the blooming period, when fruit cells are enlarging, but virtually disappeared from ripened fruits. Some metabolites, including the plant hormone abscisic acid, accumulated particularly in the receptacle prior to blooming and/or fruit ripening. Our results show several patterns of variation in metabolite levels in developing and ripening pear fruits, and provide fundamental metabolomic data that is useful for understanding pear fruit physiology and enhancing the nutritional traits of new cultivars.
Authors Oikawa A, Otsuka T, Nakabayashi R, Jikumaru Y, Isuzugawa K, Murayama H, Saito K, Shiratake K.
Reference PLoS One. 2015 Jul 13;10(7):e0131408. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131408. eCollection 2015.
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Analytical Method Details Information

ID MS1
Title CE-TOF MS
Instrument CE:Agilent CE capillary electrophoresis system (Agilent Technologies)
TOF-MS:Agilent G3250AA LC/MSD TOF system (Agilent Technologies)
CE-MS:Agilent G1603A
Instrument Type
Ionization ESI
Ion Mode positive and negative
Description Sample extraction

Crushed and frozen samples (10 g) were resuspended in 50 mL of MeOH, including internal standards for standardization of peak areas, and centrifuged (16,000 × g, 3 min, 4°C). Supernatants were dispensed for each analysis as follows: 0.5 mL for ionic metabolites, 1 mL for neutral metabolites, 1 mL for sugars, and 47.5 mL for plant hormones. Because of the small amounts of pear fruit samples obtained in the early periods (2WBB, 1WBB, and B), the initial amounts of these samples were 1 g, extracted in 20 mL of MeOH, and were separately used for each analysis as described above. The residues were subsequently used for starch analysis.

Metabolite profiling using CE-TOF MS
For the analysis of ionic metabolites, hydrophobic and high molecular weight compounds were removed by the preparative processes of liquid–liquid separation using chloroform and water, and ultrafiltration using a 5 kDa cutoff filter, respectively, prior to the metabolomic analyses. Comprehensive analysis of ionic metabolites using CE-TOF MS was performed as previously reported.

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